Haryana and Bhiwani Information for UPSC Interview

Following post will help students who belong to Haryana, particularly Bhiwani district and are giving UPSC Civil Services Exam Interview.

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Q Who is MLA and MP? Legislative assembly?
Bhiwani mla-ghanshyam saraf from bjp,also in 2009

Bhiwani-mahendergarh lok sabha constituency- dharamveer from bjp
Total seats in legislative assemly of haryana- 90 (47 of bjp)
Unicameral legislature, 13th assembly, 17 seats out of 90 reserved for SCs. Speaker-Kanwar Lal(bjp), deputy speaker-akram khan(bsp), Sumit Kumar secretary to the house

Lok sabha seats -10 (7-bjp,2-inld,1-inc)

Population - 1.6 million in bhiwani, 25 million in haryana
Sex ratio - 886 in bhiwani. 879 in haryana, 940 in india
CSR has gone down to 832 from 840 in bhiwani. 834 in haryana. 919 in india
Jhajhar 774, mahendragarh 778 have lowest csr in the country. Jhajhar literacy rate is 80%.
Mewat sex ratio is 906. And literacy rate is 56%.
Avg Literacy - 75%. Literacy 84% Male, 66% Female and Total 75%
Urbanization - 20%

IMR: Haryana 42, National :42 (2011)
MMR: Haryana 146 National: 178 (2012)

Forests & National Park Sultanpur NP, Kalesar NP
State Animal Black Buck
State Bird Black Francolin
State Tree Sacred fig
State Flower Lotus
Assembly constituency 90
Parliamentary constituency 10
Largest city in population: Faridabad
Poverty less than 10 percent (about 8%)
Part of NCR - 40 per cent - strategic location. 
21 districts
6841 villages

Area under forest: 4%
Wheat, Paddy, Bajra, Cotton, Oilseeds, Sugarcane
Average Landholding: 2.25 Hectares
Per capita per day availability of milk: 773 Grams

Occupies 1.37% of country's area and 1.97% of country's population.

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What is Khemka Syndrome?

Khemka has been transferred 44 times in his 22 year career. Chargesheeted for administrative misconduct in cancelling Vadra Land Mutation deal. Uncovered pesticide scam.

Sanjiv Chaturvedi, IFoS officer. Magsasay awardee.

Problems with frequent transfers?

Take time to adjust. Demoralising & Demotivating.

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Q What are the major socio-economic problems faced by your district?

1. Skewed Sex Ratio:
2. Khap Panchayats
3. Stagnating agriculture productivity, depleting groundwater tables and dependence on rain, small landholdings
4. Regional inequality 
5. Entrenched Caste system
6. Low urbanization

Q Why sex ratio is low in Haryana?
Patriarchy and question of affordability with sex selection. So called Educated and affluent sections of society are having poor sex ratio. Sex ratio is better among poor sections of society as they don't have access to ways and means to do female foeticide. 
Social malpractices like dowry and crimes against women like rape have aggravated the problem.

Unsafe environment for women in general .
Less than 100 convictions under pcpndt act

Q What is the punishment in PCPNDT act for sex determination?

To prevent misuse of technology like ultrasound. Punishment of 3 years or Rs 10000 or both.

Q What is being done to tackle this problem?
However, Govt and society are moving in right direction.

1. Changing the mindset of family is very important
2. Gender sensitization from primary education. Teaching the children to respect women.
3. Gender sensitization of police, judiciary, and hospitals.
4. Tracking of ultrasound machines. Zero tolerance towards offenders
5. 12 districts of haryana under beti bachao beti padhao.
6. Rope in civil society.  Use Geeta Phogat as a role model. Spread awareness.
7. Highlight negatives of low sex ratio - no marriageable girls for boys
8. Reservation of girls in police
9. Felicitation for good performance of village on sex ratio

While we should continue to act sternly against those people who indulge in sex selective abortions, there is a need to think out of the box. Especially in the background of low number of convictions achieved under PCPNDT Act. Honourable Minister for WCD has suggested the novel idea of finding out the sex of every pregnant woman and registering it in public records and then tracking which pregnancies are carried to full term.

Ladli scheme - Under this scheme Rs.5,000 per year are given on the birth of second daughter born on or after 20 August 2005 for five years. (Universal scheme)

Q Consequences of low sex ratio?
Increase in single male population due to lack of girls in the society. Women trafficking. Paros. Another evil and an example of women exploitation. Dehumanization of women.

Q What are khaps and what is the way forward?
Khaps are community or caste based groups usually comprising elderly men that set rules (regulating norms in the society) in an area covering a cluster of Villages. All members of a khap are supposed to be related to each other with ties of blood.
North indian phenomenon, but also found in munda and gond tribes.
Origin traces to 600 AD.

And before that, origin can be traced to rigveda.
In rigveda there were clans ( particular kuls),these clan based institutes were responsible for regulating norms of a society

Constructive role in past

1. Reduction of marriage expenses. Voiced against dowry and led to reduction of this social evil.
2. Played a constructive role in freedom struggle
3. Provided security during medieval times from invaders
4. Education- issue of education taken up by khap panchayat of village barona in rohtak district led to the establishment of various institutions in the area.

Their negative role in the society

1. Anti women and anti weaker sections. Undemocratic: No representation for women and other castes
2. Restrictions on marriage: no same village marriage,no same gotra marriage,no inter-caste marriage, no bhaichara gotra marriages, no neighbouring village marriage ( village choutala allows same village marriages around 200 same village marriages done already)
3. Honour Killings. Moral Policing. Sometimes acts as a parallel Judiciary.
4. They use customs and tradition as their defense and restricts the democratic right of an individual to choose his life partner. Some people say that marriage within the same gotra create genetic disorder. But people can't be coerced. But khap panchayats use coercive methods. Girl marrying to lower caste man raises his caste status thereby disturbs balance of society.
5. Politics, vested interests and financial undertones. Political patronization as there is no ideological commitment by political parties to any value or issue. It has been kept alive by the status quoist of dominant section to maintain their hold over society. 

Q Should khap panchayats be banned?
Banning will not be a practical solution as it is a social organisation with substantial following and in addition, this organization can be used fruitfully in curbing social malpractices like dowry if proper changes are made in the organisation by making them more inclusive. They can work as an effective civil society organization. At the same time, any illegal action by khaps must be sternly acted upon and perpetrators of crimes must be brought to books.

How to go about solving the problem?
I will take a multi-pronged approach. First, I will strengthen constitutional panchayats by devolution of 3Fs. Second, I will highlight the good work done by a few khaps and will build pressure on other khaps to take up social reforms like fight against dowry and female foeticide. Third, I will uphold rule of law and deal with khaps strictly if they indulge in criminal activities. Fourth, rope in credible woman ambassador like Geeta phogat, saina nehwal etc for women empowerment.

Issues that can be taken up by khap panchayats

1. Gender issues like domestic violence, female foeticide, declining sex ratio
2. Drug addiction
3. Female education
4. Sanitation
5. Organic farming

Q Why current IAS and IPS officers are not able to solve Khap problem?

Q What is honor killing
Killing of their ward by the guardians on the pretext of bringing dishonor to family by indulging in activities like inter caste marriage and same gotra marriage e.g Manoj babli case brought in media

The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao national programme unveiled in Haryana
From focusing on 12 districts of Haryana with the most skewed sex ratio, to urging women in the households to boycott those who favour female foeticide, to rewarding schools which enrol the highest number of girl students, PM announced a slew of measures for saving and educating the girl child in the State.

Awareness yatras
The Ministers flagged off Awareness Yatras in different districts as a prelude to Prime Minister Narendra Modi launching the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao national programme from Panipat on January 22.

State Health Minister Anil Vij said the programme would be implemented in 100 districts of the country, out of which 12 districts of Haryana with the lowest sex ratio have been selected. These are Mahendergarh, Jhajjar, Rewari, Sonepat, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Karnal, Yamuna Nagar, Kaithal, Bhiwani and Panipat.

The yatras would travel to different parts over three days and sensitise people about these burning issues.

Haryana to offer more grants to villages with best child sex ratio
As part of its "Beti Bachao Beti Padhao" campaign, Haryana government has decided to offer more grants for development works in those villages, which would witness significant improvement in sex ratio. Haryana may have the dubious distinction of having worst male-female ratio in the country, but the health authorities have already located 10 villages which have child sex ratio ranging from 1,300 to 2,750.

Fatehabad district's Rainwali village has more than double newborn girls than of boys with child sex ratio of 2,750. Villages like Khan Mohammad (Fatehabad), Lotni (Kurukshetra) and Chuharpur (Yamunanagar) are also among the best performers in terms of improvement in the sex ratio.

Efforts can be made for developing a device to be fitted in the ultrasound machines as a tracker that would automatically send information about sex determination of unborn child to the health authorities. Maharashtra has already experimented on this. Stern action should be taken against the so-called fertility centres operational in the state that guaranteed birth of boy child.

'Haryana Kanya Kosh' 
The girl child belonging to the families of poor and Scheduled Castes will be provided financial assistance from this fund.

Earlier financial assistance was provided on the birth of second daughter under Ladli scheme. Now, the scope of this scheme has been widened and the first daughter would also be covered under it. A sum of Rs 21,000 would be deposited at the birth of the first girl child. This amount would increase to Rs one lakh after the girl attains the age of 18 years.

At present the women's literacy rate in Haryana is 65.4 percent and sincere efforts would be made to bring a significant improvement in it. Girls would be provided scholarships on the basis of their capabilities.

On malnutrition among mothers and children, the government would review the previous nutrition policy and draft a new State Nutrition Mission on the pattern of National Health Mission.

The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Haryana is 41 percent and all out efforts would be made to reduce it and this target could be easily achieved in case the region is declared as Empowered Action Group.

Q What is Nawashahar model in combating low child sex ratio problem?

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Q What would be the impact of DMIC over the growth of Haryana?
Haryana has about 130 km under dmic. it will have a multiplier effect on economy. In its construction, lot of local employment has generated. Once, state-of-the-art infrastructure is created, it will boost regional economy as new manufacturing units would be setup.

4 projects under dmic had been launched-
1) mass rapid transportation system on gurgaon-manesar-bawal route
2)exhibition-cum- convention centre
3) integrated multi model logistics hub
4) new passenger rail link

Dmic phase 1-
1) manesar bawal investment region
2) faridabad palwal industrial area

Dmic phase 2-
1) kundli sonepat investment region
2) rewari hissar industrial area

Q What part of Haryana is in NCR? What are its benefits?
13 districts.
Faridabad,gurgaon,mewat,rohtak,sonipat,rewari,jhajjar,panipat,palwal,mahendergarh,bhiwani,jind,karnal(latest 4). 45.47 per cent of the geographical area of Haryana falls in the NCR. One of the fastest growing economic regions of the country, it has a huge potential for creating employment opportunities for millions. 

Benefits-
Development of efficient transport network and physical infrastructure,

Improved connectivity with Delhi 

NCR Planning Board extends loans at lower rates for the development of NCR.
Industrial growth
real estate development,
less congestion in capital

Q What is NCR Transport Corporation Limited?

Is proposed. Not setup yet. Aim to develop RRTS. To begin with,

• Delhi - Sonipat- Panipat
• Delhi - Gurgaon - Alwar
• Delhi - Ghaziabad - Meerut

Economy

State GDP 4 Lakh Rs Crores
27% Industry
59% Services
14% Agriculture

State claims to have highest per capita income in the country (after Goa, Delhi, Sikkim and Chandigarh). Rs 140,000 in Haryana.

Per capita income (2014-15): 1.5 Lakh at current prices and 70000 at constant prices.

The ‘Green Revolution’ took place in the State giving a major boost to the growth of Agriculture Sector.

Production has been stimulated by Haryana's closeness to the markets of New Delhi and (Old) Delhi, good road and rail links, and the use of fertilizers and improved seeds. Haryana is renowned for its prize-winning steers and dairy cattle. The state has an extensive rail system. Delhi, on Haryana's eastern boundary, serves as the main air traffic hub. 

Most of the land in Haryana is suitable for agriculture and Area under irrigation 84%. 51% tubewells and 48% canal. Share of tubewells is increasing.. More than three-fourths of the population is employed in agriculture. The state is a major producer of wheat and rice. Basmati Rice of Haryana finds an easy market abroad and the State ranks number one in its export. There is a large scope for the growth of agri-business, animal husbandry and dairying in Haryana. 

Largest contributor of food-grains to the central pool.

Rice-wheat cropping pattern causing degradation in soil fertility and further fall in groundwater level. Urgent need for crop diversification. Alternatives: Jatropha (biofuels)

Crop diversification towards oilseeds, pulses, maize, fruits and vegetables. (Incentivise farmers to diversify crops, favourable MSP)

Excessive irrigation: water-logged land (absence of natural drainage outlet and soil is not suitable for such excessive irrigation)

Total area under cultivation (85% of total state area) has reached a saturation level. This is a big reason for deforestation in Haryana. More and more trees are cut to make land for agricultural or industrial land.

Production can be increased through change in cropping pattern, seeds of high-yielding varieties, mechanization, reducing post-harvest losses. Haryana is a state of small farmers (can also be said about India as well).

PM Fasal Bima Yojana - To check distress sales and farmer suicides.
Organic Farming - Vermicomposting

Use of IT
- Timely dissemination of critical information to farmers via SMS

Livestock: Famous for Murrah buffaloes.

After Green and White Revolution, Haryana state is now on the threshold of Blue Revolution (fisheries). Fish culture is also being accepted by the fish farmers of the State as subsidiary occupation along with agriculture.

One mega food park being planned in Haryana. Food Parks at Rai (Sonipat) and Saha (Ambala) have been established.

Desert Development Programme:
To control the severity of drought and desert conditions by having dry land farming, afforestation, watershed development, soil and moisture conservation measures, agro-forestry.

Cooperative movement:
An effective instrument of economic and social reform.
Significant role particularly in the sphere of agricultural credit and marketing.
Dairy and sugar cooperatives.
HAFED - purchases produce of farmers and help them by timely supply of fertilizers, seeds etc.
Institutional finance, cooperative banks.

SYL canal row: Haryana to file fresh suit in apex court
The BJP government in Haryana is learnt to have decided to file a fresh suit in the Supreme Court (SC) to declare the Termination of Agreements Act passed by the Punjab assembly null and void, which would pave the way for implementation of the two judgments of the apex court for completion of the Sutlej Yamuna Link (SYL) canal and enable the carriage of Haryana’s full share of 3.5 million-acre-feet (MAF) of surplus Ravi Beas waters. 

The government had taken the decision after obtaining legal opinion -- as a Presidential reference was already pending in the context. The central government had, on July 22, 2004, sought opinion of the apex court on the validity of the Termination of Agreements Act through a Presidential reference under Section 143 of the Constitution. The Presidential reference was heard by a five-judge bench headed by the Chief Justice of India on August 2, 2004. The matter was again heard on February 28, 2005 when it was ordered to list the case for hearing.

Sutlej-Yamuna Link canal imbroglio history
An agreement was signed in 1955 dividing 15.85 MAF of surplus Ravi-Beas waters between Punjab, Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir. After reorganization of the Punjab into the two separate states of Punjab and Haryana on November 1, 1966, disputes arose between the two on water sharing.

The Government of India (GOI) determined the dispute on March 24, 1976, allocating 3.5 MAF waters to Haryana.

Haryana suggested SYL canal be constructed and it started its construction and completed it in June, 1980 while Punjab did not start it.

In December 1981, an agreement was signed between the chief ministers of partner states in the presence of then prime minister, Indira Gandhi, allocating 4.22 and 3.5 MAF respectively, to Punjab and Haryana.

Punjab started construction of SYL canal on its territory in 1982.
“The Punjab Settlement” accord was signed between then prime minister Rajiv Gandhi and Sant Harchand Singh Longowal, then president of the Shiromani Akali Dal, on July 24, 1985 according to which the construction of the SYL canal was to be done by August 15, 1986. The accord provided review of water allocation by a Tribunal.

The Ravi and Beas Waters Tribunal in April, 1986, decided the allocation on January 30, 1987 when Punjab and Haryana were allocated 5.0 and 3.83 MAF of surplus Ravi Beas Water, respectively. The award of the Tribunal is yet to be notified.

Punjab stopped work on the canal in July, 1990 when about 95 % of the work was complete.

Haryana moved SC in 1996 seeking direction to the Punjab and the Union of India to complete the canal which the SC accepted and ordered Punjab on January 15, 2002 to complete the canal within one year.

On August 13, 2003, Haryana filed an execution application seeking execution of SC decree. The SC on June 4, 2004 ordered Punjab for completion of the remaining portion of SYL canal.

However, on 12 July, 2004, the Punjab Assembly passed the Punjab Termination of Agreements Act 2004 annulling all inter-state agreements signed by the State of Punjab relating to sharing of Ravi and Beas waters.

Minerals

Being an alluvial formation, little mineral resources. Iron Ore, limestone and slate found at a few places in not so large quantities.

Natural Resources
Forest areas in the State are confined to the Himalayan ranges in Panchkula and Yamunanagar districts and Aravalli ranges in the southern districts.The State has only 7 per cent (1550 square kilometre) of its geographical area as forest land.

Industrial production
75% of passenger cars of India (50%?)
60% of all tractors of India (25%?)
50% of motorcycles of India
25% bicycles of India
High Total factor productivity (TFP)
Gurgaon and Faridabad are two major automobile centres in Haryana.

Haryana has been classified under the ‘good investment climate’ category along with States like Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Punjab.

Indian Oil Corporation at their Panipat Refinery has doubled its refining capacity from 6 million metric tonne to 12 million metric tonne per annum.

Panipat in Haryana is a home of home furnishings. The export of handloom products from Panipat is the highest in the country. Panipat has the advantage of largest shoddy yarn manufacturing facility and it is a pioneer in producing low cost blankets in the country. Under the Cluster Development Scheme of the Government of India, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, a Textile Cluster at Panipat is being developed with an investment of Rs.54.53 crore.

Gurgaon has emerged as a preferred destination for the IT and ITES industry. The export of software is of the order of Rs.10,700 crore. Gurgaon is the third largest after Bangalore and Chennai in the export of software. Gurgaon has the largest number of call centres and BPO centres in the country.

The pharmaceutical industry is located only in Panchkula and Gurgaon.

Nuclear power plant proposed in Gorakhpur, Fatehabad, Haryana.

In order to attract industry on a large scale, the State’s approach is to further simplify the rules and procedures, eliminate red-tapism ensuring transparency in the system by introducing the concept of egovernance, to promote public-private participation in the infrastructure projects, develop new industrial townships with all basic amenities supported with residential, commercial and institutional activities, to provide financial and fiscal incentives in the backward areas and the rural areas, to promote mega projects having spin-off effect of developing small and medium enterprises.

Physical Infrastructure
Infrastructure can generally be defined as the physical framework of facilities through which goods and services are provided to the people.

Union Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu flagged off the first CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) based two trains from Haryana's Rewari station. These trains based on the dual fuel system - diesel and CNG - will reduce greenhouse gas emission and also the consumption of diesel. 

Prabhu launched the trains on Rewari-Rohtak and Rewari to Bikaner section. The Indian railway plans to start more such trains on other routes in due course to reduce diesel consumption. 

The train will consume over 20% of the CNG, covering 81 kilometer long distance in about two hours on Rewari-Rohtak section. Prabhu has emphasised on the use of alternative fuel in train operation, including use of solar and wind power.

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Q Which leader from Haryana has inspired you?
Rajrup Fulia IAS. From panipat distt,1983 batch haryana cadre

Shri Raj Rup Fuliya, IAS, presently posted as Financial Commissioner and Principal Secretary, Govt. of Haryana, Chandigarh was conferred “Man of the Year Award-2008″ by India Book of Records for his outstanding achievements–excellence in administration, transparency and social oriented approach, improvement in education through motivation, public awareness and people’s participation, sanitation, water conservation, development of Panchayati Raj institutions, using technology for improving public life, motivating youth for creative activities, woman empowerment etc.

He takes pleasure in channelizing youth power in nation-building activities and character building. He inspired and led Jal Swaraj Yatra – Cycle Rallies for Water Conservation in co-ordination with Nehru Yuva Kendra in Hisar, Sirsa, Bhiwani, Jind and Fatehabad districts of Hisar Division while he was posted as Divisional Commissioner. 

Participative Governance: The Commissioner emphasises that officers of all the districts in the Division–Hisar, Sirsa, Bhiwani, Fatehabad and Jind should solve the problems of people by visiting them and by having discussions with them. The Commissioner himself started a movement of conducting instant inspection of Govt. schools, which impressed the people a lot. It went a long way in improving the standard of education in schools.

2. Captain Hawa Singh was an Indian Heavyweightboxer, who dominated Indian and Asian amateur boxing for a decade in his weight class. He won the Asian Games gold medal in Heavyweight category in consecutive editions of the games in the 1966 Asiad and the 1970 Asiad. He won the National Championships in the Heavyweight category a record 11 consecutive times — from 1961 to 1972. He is best remembered today for being the founder of the Bhiwani Boxing Club (BBC), which came to the limelight in 2008 in India for producing 4 out of 5 boxers of the Indian boxing contingent to the 2008 Olympic Gamesin Beijing, including the olympic medallist Vijender Kumar.

3. Geeta Phogat is a female wrestler from India who won India's first ever gold medal in women's wrestling in the 55 kg freestyle category at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. She is also the first-ever Indian woman wrestler to have qualified for the Olympics.

4. Vijender Singh Beniwal (born 29 October 1985), also known as Vijender Singh or Vijender Beniwal, is an Indian professional boxer and former amateur boxer from Kaluwas, Bhiwani district in Haryana. He practised boxing at the Bhiwani Boxing Club where coach Jagdish Singh recognised his talent and encouraged him to take up boxing. He was coached by the Indian Boxing Coach Gurbaksh Singh Sandhu.

At the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, he won the bronze medal after losing the semifinal bout against Kazakhstan's Bakhtiyar Artayev. At the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, he defeated Carlos Góngora of Ecuador 9–4 in the quarterfinals which guaranteed him a bronze medal—the first ever Olympic medal for an Indian boxer.

After this win, Vijender was given a number of awards, including the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award—India's highest sporting honour and Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian honour.

On 29 June 2015, Vijender Singh bid adieu to his amateur career by turning professional as he signed a multi-year agreement with Queensberry Promotions through IOS Sports and Entertainment. This ruled him out of 2016 Olympics as he no longer remains eligible as an amateur.

5. Babita Kumari (born November 20, 1989) is an Indian female wrestler, who won a silver medal at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. She also won a bronze medal at the 2012 World Wrestling Championships,[3] and won the gold medal in 2014 Commonwealth Games.

6. Sushil Kumar Solanki is an Indian freestyle wrestler. Competing in the 66 kg weight division he won the 2010 world title, a silver medal at the 2012 London Olympics and a bronze medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, which made him the first Indian to win back to back individual Olympic medals. In July 2009, he received the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna– India's highest honour for sportspersons. Sushil won the gold medal in the 74 kg division at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

"I didn’t want to be associated with a liquor brand in any form as it would send a wrong signal to the youth. The sporting tradition that I have been raised in values discipline way above money."
– Sushil Kumar explaining reason for refusing a liquor ad.

7. General VK Singh
8. Arvind Kejriwal
9. Nekiram Sharma (Haryana Kesari)
10. Bansi Lal

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Q Only culture in Haryana is agriculture?
This is a stereotype, Haryana has very rich cultural heritage going back to the times of IVC. Mithathal and Rohtak. It was at Kurukshetra that Lord. Krishna gave the sermon of holy Bhagwad Gita and where the battle of Mahabharata was fought between the Kauravas and Pandavas. It was here, 5,000 long years ago that Lord Krishna preached the gospel of duty to Arjuna at the on set of the great battle of Mahabharata:"Your right is to do your duty and not to bother about the fruits (Outcome) thereof !" 
Historical: Thanesar was the capital king Harshvardhana in 7th century. 

Q General history?

The region has been the scene of many a war because of its being ‘A Gateway to North India’. As years rolled by, successive streams of the Huns, the Turks and the Tughlaqs invaded India and decisive battles were fought on this land. At the end of the 14 century, Tamur led an army through this area to Delhi. Later, the Mughals defeated the Lodhis in the historic battle of Panipat in the year 1526. Another decisive battle was fought in the year 1556 at this very site, establishing the supremacy of the Mughals for centuries to come.

Towards the middle of the 18th century, the Marathas had established their sway over Haryana. The intrusion of Ahmed Shah Durrani into India, culminating Maratha ascendancy and the rapid decline of the Mughal empire, leading ultimately to the advent of the British rule.

From ancient times, the people of Haryana have borne the main brunt of invaders and foreign hordes with their known traits if bravery and valour. Bold in spirit and action, the people of Haryana have formed a bulwark against forces of aggression and anti-nationalism. (Emergence of Khap Panchayats  can be explained as security was required from invaders)

Haryana, a state in north India formed on 1 November 1966, has a very fertile land and is called the Green Land of India. The state of Delhi is landlocked on three sides by Haryana. With some of its parts included in the National Capital Region (NCR), the state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh and Punjab towards its north, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand towards its east and Rajasthan towards its south and west.

Q Things that Haryana is famous for?

1. Agriculture: Milk and Butter.
2. Contribution towards military
3. Vedic History: The most important pilgrimage destination in Haryana is Kurukshetra. It was on this land that Lord Brahma created man and this universe, says legends. 
4. Haryanavi dialect - though it is a bit crude but it is full of earthly humour and straightforwardness.
5. 3 Battles of Panipat
6. IT industry in Gurgaon
7. Jhumar (similar to giddah of Punjab), Phag (Holi) dance

Negative: Skewed sex ratio and notorious Khap panchayats

Q What do you like in Bhiwani?
Q You are from Bhiwani? Tell me why is it famous?

Boxing

Harappan sites

Top textile research institute - Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences by the Birla Group

Temples (Chota Kashi)

Political hotbed

District Bhiwani created in 1972. Founded by a Rajput king who named the city after his wife Bhani. 442 villages.

Q Historical significance of Bhiwani?
1) Village of mitathal in bhiwani have unearthed evidences of pre harrapan and harrapan civilisations. Rakhigarhi, a village in hisar, found recently. Siswal, Banawali in hisar. Farmana in rohtak.
2) Discovery of several artifacts like coins ,toys,,statues dating back to 2500 years ago have suggested the existence of a town in village naurangabad in kushan,gupta and youdheya period.
3) participation of its leaders like nekiram sharma (haryana keshari),fateh chand,gokul chand etc in bardoli satyagraha and independence movement.(*prepare about ain-e-akbari,bardoli styagraha)

In 1925, the taluka of Bardoli in Gujarat suffered from floods and famine, causing crop production to suffer and leaving farmers facing great financial troubles. However, the government of the Bombay Presidency had raised the tax rate by 30% that year, and despite petitions from civic groups, refused to cancel the rise in the face of the calamities. The situation for the farmers was grave enough that they barely had enough property and crops to pay off the tax, let alone for feeding themselves afterwards

Q Industries in Bhiwani?
1) cotton textile (grasim bhiwani textile ltd.)
TITS established in 1911 by birla group
2) Guar Gum ( hindustan gum & chemical ltd estd in association with stein hall of usa ,jai bharat gum and chemical)

There about 2250 manufacturing units in bhiwani

Q Problems of Bhiwani city? How would you solve these problems as DM?
1) Water logging in some areas during rainy seasons
2) Poor sanitation facilities
3) Poorly managed traffic
4) Drinking water

Solution as dm-
1) direct the relevant authorities in construction and maintenance of proper drainage channels and leveling of the surface where surface level is low,plantation drive so as to absorb excess of water and groundwater recharge,awareness drive among residents about soil degradation ,spread of diseases due to water logging and abt importance of trees.
2) construction toilets and their maintenance
3) treatment of drinking water and establishment of water atms

Q Problems of your village?
No canal. Over-exploitation of groundwater. Dependence on rainfall has increased. 
Although electrified but electricity comes for 8 hours only.
Women have to carry earthen pots over their head from far distances for drinking water...
Lack of drinking water facilities,sanitation problem,damaged roads

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Boxing culture in Haryana
Haryana has emerged as India’s boxing powerhouse and also in other sports for a number of reasons, the most important of which is the patronage given by the State government. Those who do well are assured of jobs and cash awards and promises made to boxers have been kept. This contrasts sharply with the state of boxing in the rest of the country. Infrastructure has also improved rapidly.

Boxing: Why Haryanvi boxers have done better than say, boxers from Punjab. The answer could lie in their diet. Both Punjabis and Haryanvis are equally well built, but since Haryanvis are generally vegetarians, unlike Punjabis, they tend to be lighter and fit into lower weight categories, something which gives them an enormous advantage in a sport where participants are classified on the basis of their weight. 

Private sector support is vital if Indian boxing is to be developed and boxers and coaches given a better deal.
 
Why Haryana produces bulk of sportpersons?

1. Cash award, employment opportunities
2. Better infrastructure
3. Catch them young policy using SPAT: The previous government's talent hunt programme -- Sports Potential Aptitude Training (SPAT), under which 5,000 students had been selected for giving scholarships ranging from Rs 1,500 to Rs 2,000 in the state.
4. Incentives to coaches.
5. Private sponsorship

Can it be replicated?
Definitely. Though it will take time as early movers advantage is with haryana.

1. Private sector to be incentivised to participate actively in setting up playgrounds and sports facilities.

Q Why individual sports are flourishing more than contact/team sports?
1) if success ,glory is all his
2) one can train and take decisions the way he wants
3) team sport require coordination and well being of all members , more chance of loosing if 1 is ill or not upto the mark

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Tourist places in Haryana

• Kurukshetra
• Sultanpur national park
• Pinjore gardens
• Chandigarh

Q What is highway tourism?

2 decades old idea,with the onset of maruti culture auto revolution happened,all modern facilities in the form of motels,budget hotels began to sprung up on the highways.
The credit of smelling bright prospects of highway tourism goes first to haryana tourism.( grand success on NH1 and NH2)
Factors contributing its devt.
Better quality roads
Globalisation,economic devt,boom in auto sector

Further scope-
Hygiene & quality of food,toilet facilities(NGOs like sulabh international can be involved),drinking water facilities,promotional ads on the walls of dhabas( enter into contract with companies regarding cleanliness and greenery around dhabas).

Q What is rural tourism?
Its focus is on the active participation of the visitor into the rural lifestyle

Advantages-1)creation of source of income in non- agri sector for rural dwellers
2) revival of the lost folk art and handicrafts
3)stops exodus from rural to urban areas
4)conservation of rural environment and. Culture.
5) suitable way of adapting traditional beliefs and value to modern time
6) local small business promoted
7) modernise agri and other rural activities

Issues to be taken up
Repair roads,parking to be done outside the village,provide civic amenities,devt should be planned,landscaping and greenery to be restored.

Q What is farm tourism?
14 farm houses are registered with tourism department near delhi. These farm houses present an experience that is true to India, rich in traditions. A tourist here lives close to nature and gets a hands-on feel of milking a cow, ploughing a field and bathing under a tubewell.

Explore Scope of medical tourism.

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Language 
Like other states of India, Haryanvi is the mother tongue of the people of the state. However, it is considered as a dialect and not an official language. The official languages of this state are Hindi, Punjabi and English. Besides Haryanvi, Bangru, Bagri and Ahirwati are other dialects which are spoken in the state.

Q Why Haryanavi didn't develop into a language?

Lack of literature. Dialects are mostly spoken while languages are written too.

E-governance initiatives in Haryana
It brings transparency and accountability and lesser corruption in turn. Eco-friendly.
Land Records
Property registration
Gram Panchayats: Rural development, MIS, IT plan
Municipalities: Birth, Death registration, House Tax assessment.
Driving License Software
Police: State connectivity and national connecitivity.
Health-care: MCTS
Social Welfare: Pensions
Education: ICT enabled education
Administration: File movement, e-courts
Elections: Randomization in allocation of officials on booth
Customs & Excise: Online submission of export papers
Need for Capacity building
Also see gender issues in inclusive growth.

Q Environmental degradation of Aravali? Affect on Haryana.
Causes-
Illegal mining on large scale in bhiwani and mahendergarh

Effects-
1) desertification: causes spread of thar desert in the fertile plains
2) alters the drainage pattern: interferes with the flow of ground water e.g. Suraj kund lake has dried up due to mining. mining has ruptured water aquifers

Solution-
Banning cannot be a long term solution. no need to completely ban the mining as the requirement of the construction material will be met illegally or from some other mountain,instead we need environmentally sustainable and scientific mining.
Mining can become more environmentally sustainable by developing and integrating practices that reduce the environmental impact of mining operations. These practices include measures such as reducing water and energy consumption, minimizing land disturbance and waste production, preventing soil, water, and air pollution at mine sites, and conducting successful mine closure and reclamation activities.

Q Harmful impact of brick industry in Haryana?
India-2nd largest brick producer after china.
Local air pollution,damage to agriculture & vegetation ( affects transpiration,erodes top soil suitable for cultivation,land subjected to high temperature unsuitable for agriculture)
Worker issues- occupational hazards( respiratory diseases, fire hazards)
Workers underpaid and exploited. Usually migrant workers.
Use of outdated technology
China has around 5 million labourers engaged in brick production and they together produce nearly 1 trillion bricks every year. India employs double the number of labourers and yet produces one-fifth of the total production in China.

Solution-
1) use of advanced tech like vertical shaft brick kiln(vsbk)
2)use of fly ash (produced by thermal power plants)  for making bricks
3) Labour unions in Punjab and haryana have done some good work.

Q What are poly house or green house farms? 
Indian farmers face several challenges such as small land holding, poor yields due to reliance on inefficient methods of farming, too much reliance on natural phenomena such as rainfall and lack of knowledge of modern methods of agriculture. Polyhouse farming is an alternative new technique in agriculture, gaining foothold in rural India. It reduces dependency on rainfall and makes the optimum use of land and water resources due to assured system. A typical, traditional farm of 4000 square meters (1 Acre) would generate an estimated annual income from Rs. 20,000 to 150,000, (Depending upon type of cultivation i.e. Cereals, Vegetables, and Fruits) whereas estimated annual income from similar sized poly house is Rs. 1,00,000 to 5,00,000. Potentially, playhouse farming can help the farmer generate income around the year growing multiple crops and fetching premium pricing for off-season vegetables. 
Yield and income increase.

Q Why Gurgaon developed? 
80% of state GDP. Nearness to international airport and national capital ensured that skilled labour was available.

Cooperative policies of state government.

Q How is Chandigarh doing as a capital?

Panchkula and Mohali have developed as satellite cities and lot of state administration for Haryana and Punjab has shifted to these cities. 

Status quo should be continued as if it's not broken then why fix it. 

Chandigarh has fusion culture of both haryana and punjab.

Nek chand developed Rock Garden. Sculptures from waste. Padam Shri Awardee.

Q What will you do for gurgaon to make it smart in context of prevention of crime?
1) education
2) employment opportunity- as mostly done by unemployed and literate people
3) community policing-citizens themselves join forces with the police in protecting neighbourhood
4) implementing and enacting stringent laws
5) effective policing
6) installation of cctv cameras
7) run women only cabs

Q Why are godmen flourishing in Haryana?
Yes, godmen are flourishing in haryana, punjab and kerala. People go to these sants to get solace from stress. Generally, people from vulnerable sections become their followers as they get free food and lodging in such ashrams. These sants exploit ignorance and vulnerability of people. As the number of followers increase, sants start wielding considerable political influence and many influential people of society start following such spiritual leaders for vested interests. For example, in the recent haryana elections, one political party openly sought support from dera sacha sauda leader ram rahim, even though he is facing various charges of murder and sexual abuse.

Q How would you deal with godmen?
Take a multi-pronged approach. First, in the short-term, appropriate action must be taken, as per rule of law, against godmen if they are doing illegal activities. Second, there is a need to ensure that fruits of development schemes reach the vulnerable sections of society as they are most susceptible to come into the fold of godmen. Third, there is a need to inculcate scientific temper right from school so that people come out of ignorance and stop believing in superpowers and superstitions. 

Q Drug problem in Punjab. Also, now it is showing up in Haryana? Why? As a DM, what would you do?
Causes-easy availabilty of drugs,changing lifestyle and stress,spillover effect from punjab
 
2008 study by ministry of social justice report- haryana and punjab have drug consumption over 3 times the national average. 80 % of school going children in haryana consumed alcohol in 2013. (drug used by govt for de addiction- buprenorphine) Haryana lacks a robust set of regulations for handling drug addicts and their treatment. While addicts require treatment and rehabilitation peddlers require punishment.this difference is often blurred.

What needs to be done-
1) set up a number of rehabilitation centres
2) free treatment and therapy including yoga,vocational training and counselling services.
3)long term support to prevent relapse
4) sensitizing the families
5)educating youth about ill effects
6) peddlers dealt with severe punishment

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Punjab Accord
Punjab accord, also known as the Rajiv-Longowal Accord, is an accord signed by Rajiv Gandhi and Harchand Singh Longowal on 24 July 1985. The government accepted the demands of Akali Dal who in turn agreed to withdraw their agitation.

The accord attracted opposition from several orthodox Sikh leaders of Punjab as well as from the politicians of Haryana. Some of its promises could not be fulfilled due to the disagreements. Harcharan Singh Longowal was assassinated by the Sikh militants opposed to the accord.

The following were the provisions of the accord:
1 Territorial claims: Chandigarh will be given to Punjab, overruling the Shah Commission's suggestion that it should be given to Haryana. In lieu of Chandigarh, the Hindi-speaking villages of Punjab will be given to Haryana. A Commission will constituted to determine which areas will go to Haryana. The Commission will present its findings on 31 December 1985, and these findings will be binding on both the sides. The actual transfer of Chandigarh and other villages will take place on 26 January 1986. Another commission will be appointed to study the other boundary disputes between the two states. A Commission headed by E.S. Venkataramiah was appointed on 3 April 1986 to determine which Hindi-speaking areas of Punjab will be given to Haryana. The Commission submitted its report on 7 June, and recommended the transfer of 70,000 acres of land from Punjab to Haryana.[1]:126 However, the actual transfer never took place due to disagreements. Three commissions (Matthew, Venkatarmiah and Desai) failed to provide an agreement. In July 1986, the Union government suspended the transfer for an indefinite period.
2 Centre-State relations: The part of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution dealing with the Centre-State relations will be referred to the Sarkaria commission. Sarkaria Commission Report (October 1987) rejects the Anandpur Sahib Resolution approach to Center-State relations
3 Sharing of the river waters: Punjab, Haryana and other states will continue to get their existing share of water (or more) from the Ravi-Beas system. A tribunal headed by a Supreme Court judge will verify the river water claims of Punjab and Haryana; its findings will be binding on both the states. The construction of the Sutlej Yamuna link canal will continue, and will be completed by 15 August 1986. On 30 January 1987, the Eradi Tribunal decide the shares as follows:[6]
Punjab - 5.00 MAF (1985 usage was 3.106 MAF)
Haryana - 3.83 MAF (1985 usage was 1.620 MAF)
It also stated that the above allocated shares may be increased or decreased in case of fluctuations in the river water availability.

4 Representation of minorities: The Prime Minister will re-instruct the Chief Ministers of the various states to protect the interests of the minorities. Circular sent to all the Chief Ministers.
5 Promotion of Punjabi: The Central Government may take steps to promote the Punjabi language. Punjabi language was granted the secondary official status in Delhi and Haryana. Punjabi Academy (Delhi) is engaged in promotion of the language.
Opposition to the accord:
The Haryana Chief Minister Bhajan Lal the HPCC (I) President Sultan Singh approved of the accord. However, the five opposition parties in Haryana - Lok Dal, BJP, Janata Party, Congress (S) and Congress (J) - declared that they would observe Haryana bandh on 31 July to protest against the accord. After a rally in Rohtak, 29 members of the Haryana State Assembly resigned on 9 August. The protesters objected to the following:

Consideration being given to the Anandpur Sahib Resolution, which the protestors believed to be the root cause of the trouble in Punjab
Soft treatment being meted out to those who had deserted the Army
"Absolutely vague" settlement regarding which territories would be transferred to Haryana in lieu of Chandigarh
Imposition of a ceiling on the use of the Ravi-Beas waters as per the current use: the protesters pointed out that Punjab was using more water than its allocated share, while Haryana was using less water than its share
Uncertainty regarding who will control the headworks

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Anandpur Sahib Resolution (Ramchander Guha)
I first visited Punjab in the summer of 1973, to play a cricket match in Patiala. Later that same year occurred an event of some significance in the history of Punjab and India. In October 1973 the Working Committee of the Shiromani Akali Dal met at the great gurdwara in Anandpur Sahib, and asked the Government of India to hand over Chandigarh to Punjab; to also hand over other Punjabi-speaking areas presently with other states; and to increase the proportion of Sikhs in the Army. It criticized the ‘foreign policy of India framed by the Congress party’ as ‘worthless, hopeless and highly detrimental to the interests of the Country, the Nation and the Mankind at large’. Asking for a recasting of the Indian Constitution on ‘real federal principles’, it said that ‘in this new Punjab and in other States the Centre’s interference would be restricted to defence, foreign relations, currency, and general administration; all other departments would be in the jurisdiction of Punjab (and other states) which would be fully entitled to frame own laws on these subjects for administration’.

Some of these claims were new; but their substance went back several decades, to the division of India by religion in 1947. In this division the Sikhs had suffered most of all. They lost millions of lives, millions of acres of land they had made fertile in the ‘Canal Colonies’, and some very sacred shrines, left behind in what was now Pakistan. Through the 1950s, the intrepid Master Tara Singh led the Akalis in the struggle for a Punjabi Suba, a separate, Punjabi-speaking and Sikh-dominated state that could compensate for the traumas of Partition. The State was finally granted in 1966, but its extent was not what was hoped for; nor, indeed, were its powers. Thus the Anandpur Sahib resolution, which sought to make real the promise of states’ autonomy merely hinted at by the Indian Constitution.

These demands, for a deeper and more genuine federalism, were unexceptionable. But at other places the Anandpur Sahib Resolution was amenable to more radical, and perhaps more dangerous, interpretations. The preamble spoke of the Akali Dal as ‘the very embodiment of the hopes and aspirations of the Sikh Nation’. The ‘political goal of the Panth’ was defined as ‘the pre-eminence of the Khalsa’, with the ‘fundamental policy’ of the Akali Dal being the ‘realization of this birth-right of the Khalsa through creation of congenial environment and a political set-up’.

1973 was not perhaps the best time to make these demands, with Mrs Indira Gandhi riding high on the wave of a war recently won, and the Centre more powerful than ever before. Its powers were increased still further with the Emergency, when the movers of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution were put in jail. But in 1977 the Emergency was lifted, elections called, and the Congress party comprehensively trounced. In this new political environment the claims of the Akalis were renewed, and indeed intensified. An Akali conference of October 1978 compared the thirty years of Congress rule to the bad old days of Mughal imperialism. But now that the Congress out of power, said the Akalis, it was time for a ‘progressive decentralization of powers’. The demands of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution were revived, and new ones added; such as a redistribution of river waters to favour Punjab, an international airport at Amritsar, and a broadcasting station at the Golden Temple itself.

Towards the end of 1978 the Akalis launched an agitation to fulfil the demands of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution. However, outside their fold there were radicals who thought that nothing less than true independence, as in a separate ‘Sikh Nation’, would satisfy the Panth. The call from Khalistan was issued from outside India by the likes of Ganga Singh Dhillon in Washington and Jagajit Singh Chauhan in London. But it also found some takers within Punjab, notably a hitherto obscure preacher named Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. With his entry into the fray commenced some very troubled times indeed.

Troubles, of course, were not new to Punjab or the Punjabis. There were the religious wars of the eighteenth century; then the Anglo-Sikh wars of the nineteenth century. Early in the twentieth century the province was an epicentre of the anti-colonial struggle. Then came the 1940s, with Partition and the communal conflagration that accompanied it. Several decades of relative peace ensued, to be broken now by the decade of the 1980s, when much blood was spilt, some of it innocent, and all of it bad.

What was called the ‘Punjab crisis’ spawned much excellent reportage and several good books. Older readers will be familiar with it all, but for the benefit of those born after 1980, let me flag the most basic facts. What started as a political rivalry between the Congress and the Akalis soon degenerated into conflict between a section of the Hindus and a section of Sikhs. This led, on the one hand, to a series of communal killings; and, on the other, to a increasing alienation of Sikhs from the Government of India. Among the many low points of a dishonest decade, three in particular must be mentioned: the storming of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army in June 1984; the murder of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by her bodyguards on the last day of October 1984; and the revenge killings of innocent Sikhs which followed.

The first and last of these events recruited many fresh recruits to the separatist cause. The latter part of the eighties, therefore, saw a reign of terror in the Punjab countryside: jointly imposed by the Khalistanis, who intimidated and sometimes killed those who did not fall in line; and by the police, who in their search for the insurgents cared little for legal procedure or for the rights of ordinary citizens.

For close on fifteen years, the news from Punjab was unreedemingly grim. It seemed that the war between state and citizen would never end; or, if it would, only after the creation of a separate Sikh Nation of Khalistan. But finally the violence dimmed and, in time, stopped. The Punjabi set aside his sectarian grievances, and sought instead to better his economic lot.

In the first week of March, I revisited Punjab after a gap of thirty-two years. Travelling through the state, and talking to a wide cross-section of people, it was hard to fathom that this was the same place from which one would get news only of killings, and more killings. Khalistan was forgotten; why, even the demand for Chandigarh to be transferred to Punjab was not being made anymore. Identity was still important; but not so much a religious identity as a regional, cross-national one. In Patiala, I met an articulate Maharani who was seeking to build bridges with the Pakistani part of Punjab—by sending teams of cricket-playing children, and receiving some in return. In Amritsar, I met a radical intellectual who had helped host a series of talks by a progressive Punjabi novelist from Lahore. Meanwhile, a spate of fresh investments suggested that things were very stable indeed. There were signs everywhere of new schools, colleges, factories, even a spanking new ‘heritage village’ on the highway, that sought to recreate, in museumized form, the ‘traditional’ culture of the Punjabi.

There remains much that is wrong with the state of Punjab. The future of agriculture is threatened by a falling water-table. There is discrimination according to caste, and according to gender—female infanticide being particularly high. But these are problems that afflict the rest of the country too, to be resolved, here as well as there, by patient social reform and purposive government action. The crucial thing is that in political terms Punjab is at peace with itself and with India. That is more, much more, than one dared hope for in 1985 or 1995.